The Republic of Burundi is located on the south side of the equator in the east-central part of Africa. It borders Rwanda in the north, is adjacent to Tanzania in the east and the south, neighbors Congo (DRC) in the west, and is close to Lake Tanganyika in the southwest. There are many plateaus and mountains within its territory, with most part being the estern plateau in the Great Rift Valley, and the national average elevation reaches 1,600 meters, therefore it is called "Mountaineous Country".

In order to improve the business environment and to absorb foreign investment, Burundi actively promoted the construction of its legal system. From 2008 to 2013, the investment laws, commercial regulations, environmental laws, private enterprises and public participation regulations, land laws and mine laws and regulations were revised.

Burundi is an agricultural and animal husbandry country and one of the world's least developed countries declared by the United Nations. The difficulties of its economic development include the small size of its terrority, its large population, scarce resources and no marine outfalls. 70% of national income comes from agriculture, but due to backward agricultural infrastructure, it lacks the ability to resist natural disasters.

From 2008 to 2014, the Burundi economy maintained a certain growth and from 2008 to 2012, economic growth rates were respectively 4.9%, 3.8%, 5.1%, 4.2% and 4.2%. Per capita gross domestic product is 126 US dollars.

On October 28, 2015, the 70th session of the United Nations General Assembly re-elected members of the United Nations Human Rights Council, Burundi was successfully elected with a term from 2016 to 2018.