Ghana is a country in the west part of Africa. It is located in the west part of Africa and on the north shore of the Gulf of Guinea. It neighbors Côte d'Ivoire in the west, adjacent to Burkina Faso in the north, borders Togo in the east, and neighbors the Atlantic Ocean in the south, and its coastline is about 562 kilometers long. Its terrain: long in the south and north, and narrow in the east and west. Most of its territory is plain, the eastern part is Ake Wapi Mai Mountains, the southern part is Kua Hu Plateau, and the northern part is Gambaga Cliffs. The highest peak of Jabobo Mountain is 876 meters above sea level.

Ghana has more developed economy in the western Africa countries. It mainly depends on agriculture. Gold, cocoa and wood are the three traditional export products and also are the economic pillar of the country. Since the implementation of the economic structural adjustment program in 1983, the government has made the three main focuses of efforts to curb inflation, develop agriculture and encourage investment. The economy has maintained sustained growth. The country is regarded as the “Model” in African countries in terms of economic restructuring, in 1994 its title of the least developed country was deprived by the United Nations. At the end of the 1990s, due to the price falls in gold and cocoa in the international market, its economy was stuck in dilemma, a sharp increase was seen in fiscal deficits along with currency devaluation. It joined the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative in 2002. In 2004 the International Monetary Fund confirmed it having reached the HIPC economic completion point, and it began to gain substantial debt reduction by the western countries. In 2007, oil resources were discovered, and the proven reserves were about 1.2 billion barrels, and in the end of 2010 it achieved commercial exploitation. According to the World Bank standards, since 2010 it stepped from low-income countries into the ranks of medium-or-slightly-low-income countries.